If your software runs only on Windows (for example some .NET Framework applications, MetaTrader or desktop tools), choose Windows Server; otherwise Linux is usually better, because it is lighter, has no licence fee and is the standard for websites, bots, databases and Docker. Linux is managed over SSH and Windows over Remote Desktop.
What is the main difference between Linux and Windows Server?
Linux is an open-source kernel with distributions such as Ubuntu, Debian and Rocky, mostly managed from the command line. Windows Server is Microsoft's commercial product with a familiar graphical interface. That difference changes resource use, cost and how you work.
Resource use and cost
Linux without a graphical interface runs even on 512 MB to 1 GB of RAM. Windows Server with its graphical interface generally needs more RAM and disk, and providers' minimums are higher. The Windows licence is usually included in the plan price, so a Windows plan costs more than Linux with the same specs. Get prices from the provider, since they change.
Management and access
- Linux: log in over SSH (port 22) and manage with commands and scripts. It needs some initial learning but is easy to automate. See what SSH is to begin.
- Windows: log in over Remote Desktop (RDP) on port 3389 as Administrator, with a graphical interface.
Do not leave the RDP port open unprotected; restricting source IPs, a strong password and updates are essential.
Which software runs on which?
- Linux: the Nginx and Apache web servers, PHP, Python, Node.js, Go, PostgreSQL, MySQL, Docker and most DevOps tools. Modern .NET also runs on Linux.
- Windows: legacy ASP.NET Framework, the Windows edition of SQL Server, desktop applications that must stay open 24/7, and Windows-only tools.
Security and updates
Both need regular updates. Both are attacked: password guessing against SSH is common on Linux, and attacks on RDP on Windows. On Linux apply the steps in securing a Linux server.
How do I decide?
- If your software requires Windows: Windows.
- If you want a website, bot, API or database: Linux.
- If you dislike the command line and have just one Windows program: Windows.
- If you are unsure: Linux has the lowest cost and the most learning material.
For resource sizing see choosing the right VPS.
Which Linux distribution should I take?
To start, Ubuntu LTS is the most common choice and has the most tutorials. Debian stable is steady and light. Rocky Linux and AlmaLinux are compatible with the RHEL family and are seen mostly in enterprise settings. Take LTS (long-term support) releases to receive security updates for longer.
Backup and recovery
Both systems need regular backups. On Linux you can copy folders and databases off the server with rsync or similar tools. On Windows, use Windows Server Backup or the provider's snapshot. Before a reinstall or a big change, always keep a copy outside the server.
Migrating from one to the other
You cannot move a Windows server directly to Linux; you must set the application and data up again on the new system. So choose carefully at first, and test with a small hourly plan before building the real server.
At CloudSnap
CloudSnap delivers Linux servers with root login over SSH. In datacenters that offer Windows, a Windows server is delivered for Remote Desktop on port 3389 as Administrator; the licence fee is included in the plan price, and the first boot takes a few extra minutes. Where the datacenter supports it, you can reinstall the operating system from the server page. Options for each plan are on the pricing page and in the bot.
Summary
Linux is the default choice for most server work: light, free and easy to automate. Windows Server is for when your software depends on it or you want a graphical interface. Try a small hourly plan before building the main server.
FAQ
Is Linux lighter?
Yes, especially without a graphical interface.
Does WordPress run on Windows?
It can, but that is uncommon; it runs more easily and with fewer resources on Linux.
Does Windows Server need a licence?
Yes, and its cost is usually in the plan price. Read the provider's terms.
Can I change the operating system later?
Yes by reinstalling, but all data is erased; take a backup first.
Which is better for a beginner?
Windows if you are more comfortable with a graphical interface, but Linux is the standard way to learn servers.